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What are the Common Types of Mortgages?

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What type of mortgage is the best? The answers aren’t as complicated as you may think. And a big piece of the puzzle is to understand what works for your specific situation.

The starting point is to understand the difference between various types of loans and then, understand how to get ready to buy a home.

If you are thinking of buying a home, see this brief webinar highlight outlining the types of financing that might make sense for you – with the goal of helping you understand the various types of mortgages. From conventional mortgages to government-insured loans and more, this webinar provides a solid foundation, as you begin the process of purchasing your dream home.

Mortgage types can be broken down into three common categories – government-insured, government-sponsored, and conventional mortgages. Each type offers various rates, requirements, and terms. Start here to get the information you need before choosing a type of loan.

Government Insured- Mortgages

Federal Home Administration (FHA) Loan – FHA loans tend to be popular with first-time homebuyers. They have easier requirements to qualify (having a lower credit score doesn’t eliminate you from consideration). They typically require a lower down payment (3.5%), and typically have lower closing costs. The FHA works with approved lenders to provide them with insurance against the risk of a homeowner defaulting. Since a lender’s risk is reduced, they can offer a borrower a better deal on the terms and down payment.

Interest rates for FHA loans can be higher and you could have the additional challenge of paying mortgage insurance for the life of the loan.

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Loan

A USDA loan can also be a good option for low-to medium-income borrowers looking for a home in rural areas. To qualify for a USDA loan, the property has to be located in a qualified area. You will also have to meet specific income requirements.

First-time homebuyers may qualify for low or no down payment. Although there may be mortgage insurance on these properties, it may be lower as well. There may also be regional limits on the amount you can borrow.

Veterans Affairs (VA) Loan

Similar to FHA loans, VA loans are backed by a government agency. Since they are backed by the government, a lender may offer more favorable interest rates, terms, and down payment options. To qualify for a VA loan, you must be a current or former service member who served our nation for specified lengths of time. For veterans looking for ways to manage their money and create a budget.

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Government-Sponsored Mortgages

Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac)

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are home mortgage companies created by the U.S. Congress. Both are federally backed mortgage investors and their mission is to provide stability and affordability to the U.S. housing market.

Basically, Fannie and Freddie buy mortgages from lenders. As a result, qualifying lenders have more money available to lend for home purchases. These two home mortgage companies make homeownership a possibility for quite a few mortgage applicants across the country. Loans backed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are typically conventional loans, not insured by the government. Both are also part of the reason American homeowners enjoy generally low interest rates on mortgages.

Conventional Mortgages

Conventional mortgages are not insured or guaranteed by any government program. Unlike non-conventional loans mentioned above, where interest rates are set, each mortgage lender, bank, or mortgage broker can offer different rates, terms, and fees. A conventional mortgage allows you to shop around for the best deal that works for you. This type of loan typically has more stringent qualifying terms and credit score requirements.

What Works for You?

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To help improve financial wellness through trusted education, browse through more than 30 brief “webinar highlight” educational videos available via GreenPath’s Vimeo Showcase Webinar Highlight Channel.

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If you’re interested in building healthy financial habits, paying down debt, or saving for what matters most, take a look at these free financial tools.


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GreenPath is a non-profit credit counseling organization. GreenPath’s goal is to offer guidance and support to individuals seeking to manage and overcome financial challenges through education, financial counseling and debt management programs. The information provided is for educational purposes only. Consulting with a licensed financial advisor and tax advisor is recommended before making any major financial decisions. GreenPath is not a debt settlement company, credit repair company, credit repair service, nor does GreenPath provide debt consolidation loans. By using this website, you acknowledge and agree that GreenPath is not responsible for any financial decisions you make based on the information provided on this site.

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